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A naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation.
As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the
treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders,
for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances.
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Betaine References :
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Pharmacologic Action
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Gastrointestinal Agent
(Drugs used for their effects on the gastrointestinal system, as to control gastric acidity, regulate gastrointestinal motility and water flow, and improve digestion.)
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Lipotropic Agent
(Endogenous factors or drugs that act on fat metabolism by hastening the removal of or decreasing the deposit of fat in the liver.)
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Hypochlorhydria
A lack of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice despite stimulation of gastric secretion.
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Hyperkalemia
Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur.
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Homocystinuria
An autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency
of cystathionine beta-synthase and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and
urine. Clinical features include a tall, slender habitus, scoliosis, arachnodactyly,
muscle weakness, genu varis, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased
incidence of mental retardation, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries,
frequently complicated by cerebrovascular accidents and myocardial infarction.
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