Drugs and Chemicals /
AAtropine
(Cytospaz, Anaspaz, Hyoscyamine, Atropisol, Lomotil)
An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly solanaceae
(A plant family of the order Solanales, subclass Asteridae. Among the most important are
potatoes; tomatoes; capsicum (green and red peppers); tobacco; and belladonna.).
Belladonna Alkaloids
Alkaloids obtained from various plants, especially the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna),
variety acuminata; atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are classical, specific
antimuscarinic
agents with many pharmacologic actions; used mainly as antispasmodics.
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Articles]
Pharmacologic Action
Anesthesia Adjuvant (Agents that are administered in association with anesthetics to increase effectiveness, improve delivery, or decrease required dosage.)
Mydriatic (Agents that dilate the pupil. They may be either sympathomimetics or parasympatholytics.
The latter cause cycloplegia or paralysis of accommodation at high doses and may
precipitate glaucoma. Mydriatics are used in eye diseases and to facilitate eye examination.)
Parasympatholytic (Agents that inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the muscarinic antagonists.)
Muscarinic Antagonist (Drugs that bind to but do not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby
blocking the actions of endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous agonists. Muscarinic
antagonists have widespread effects including actions on the iris and ciliary muscle
of the eye, the heart and blood vessels, secretions of the respiratory tract,
GI system, and salivary glands, GI motility, urinary bladder tone, and the central
nervous system. Antagonists that discriminate among the various muscarinic receptor
subtypes and might allow better
control of peripheral and central actions are under development.)
