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calcium hydroxide		A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling. [ Articles | Books | Images | Discussion groups ]
Additional comments : Calcium hydroxide is a material which has been used for a variety of purposes since its introduction into dentistry in the early part of the twentieth century. In its pure form, the substance has a high pH, and its dental use relates chiefly to its ability to stimulate mineralization, and also to its antibacterial properties. Foreman PC, Barnes IE. Int Endod J. 1990 Nov;23(6):283-97. Calcium hydroxide is a white odourless powder with the formula Ca(OH) 2 , and a molecular weight of 74.08. LRG Fava, WP Saunders - International Endodontic Journal, 1999 Calcium hydroxide is a strong base obtained from the calcination of calcium carbonate until its transformation into calcium oxide. Calcium hydroxide is then obtained through   the hydration of calcium oxide and the chemical reaction between calcium hydroxide    and carbon dioxide forms calcium carbonate. It is a white powder with a high pH (12.5)   and is only slightly soluble in water (solubility of 1.2 g/l, at a temperature of 25°C). Calcium hydroxide is an excellent therapeutic option when the clinical situation requires the use of an intracanal dressing and  its biological virtues should be analyzed. C Estrela, JD Pecora, MD Souza-Neto, CR Estrela, … - Braz Dent J, 1999 Calcium hydroxide is most commonly used to induce an apical hard tissue barrier which may be composed of different tissues but its mechanism of action is still unknown. The epithelial cell rests of Malassez have been implicated in apexification although case reports exist which apparently dispute this. P Parashos - Australian Dental Journal, 1997 The widespread use of calcium hydroxide is, to a large degree, based on its long-lasting alkalinity and blocking of nutrient diffusion to residual bacteria. EK Siren, MPP Haapasalo, TMT Waltimo, D Orstavik - European Journal Of Oral Sciences, 2004 Considering that the release of hydroxyl ions from calcium hydroxide is essential to the microbial control process, it is important to use vehicles that favor rapid ionic dissociation and, in addition, maintain a high pH during the entire period of activity. The chemical characteristics of vehicles – i.e., whether they are hydrosoluble or oily, together with their ionic dissociation and diffusion capability, conductivity and pH -may be more important than the antimicrobial action of the vehicle. C Estrela, CR de Araujo Estrela, JD Pecora - scielo.br Free Full Text References C - 1 2 3 4 5 6

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